This original analysis of the representation and self-representation of women in literature and visual arts revolves around multiple early modern senses of "painting": the creation of visual art in the form of paint on canvas and the use of cosmetics to paint women's bodies. Situating her study in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Italy, France, and England, Patricia Phillippy brings together three distinct actors: women who paint themselves with cosmetics, women who paint on canvas, and women and men who paint women -- either with pigment or with words.
Phillippy asserts that early modern attitudes toward painting, cosmetics, and poetry emerge from and respond to a common cultural history. Materially, she connects those who created images of women with pigment to those who applied cosmetics to their own bodies through similar mediums, tools, techniques, and exposure to toxic materials. Discursively, she illuminates historical and social issues such as gender and morality with the nexus of painting, painted women, and women painters.
Teasing out the intricate relationships between these activities as carried out by women and their visual and literary representation by women and by men, Phillippy aims to reveal the delineation and transgression of women's creative roles, both artistic and biological. In Painting Women, Phillippy provides a cross-disciplinary study of women as objects and agents of painting.
Customer Review: interrelationship of cosmetics and painting in early modern era
This work by a professor of English at Texas A&M University "studies the intersection of painting and femininity in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Europe as a site for exploring abstract ideas of gender construction and subjectivity in specific, historically grounded models." For this, Phillippy employs a loose, liberal, definition, or understanding, of painting. Cosmetics is taken as a way women "painted" themselves both to get in touch with their femininity and also to conform with the society's concept of how they should present themselves in public, which had some relationship to how society (i. e., men mainly) believed woman were in the privacy of their desires; while the art of painting, particularly the painting of women, was almost the same as applying cosmetics to a canvas, as women applied cosmetics to their faces and other parts of their bodies. In addition to paintings, Phillippy studies the perfume bottles and makeup boxes of the Renaissance period women in France, Italy, and England, the three early modern nations focused on. In their respective ways, women and art in this early modern period when the faith and sacraments of the Catholic Church were evanescing were searching for "redemption, re-creation, resurrection," as if trying to create new ceremonies for these. A deeply illuminating work on aspects of material culture, including art, social practices, and psychic and spiritual developments which shaped following ages and whose traces and growth can be seen in contemporary culture.
For women, one of the most likely times to develop acne other than pregnancy is during menstruation. It is very common to have breakouts of acne during menstruation, and this usually occurs on the lower face, chin and jawline.
As you may be aware, acne during menstruation is mainly caused due to hormonal fluctuations that occur in your body during the menstrual cycle. Many women may feel embarrassed about this condition because they don't want a sign for everyone telling them 'it's that time' again. This is especially true for women who only develop acne during the menstrual cycle. However, a few lifestyle changes now can prevent further breakouts.
As mentioned, acne during menstruation can be affected by hormonal imbalances. Acne at this time is mainly influenced by androgens which are hormones that stimulate the sebaceous glands and hair follicles in the skin. One of the major players that can affect the levels of androgens is stress. Thus high stress levels can promote further acne flare ups. This is a vicious circle, because the appearance of acne may increase a woman's stress levels. To avoid this take measures to control your stress levels. Perhaps you could take up yoga, meditate, have a relaxing bath anything that will work for you.
Any major player in causing acne can be diet. Studies have shown that acne occurs more frequently during the week before menstruation and these conditions remain present for about a week. Eating healthier around this time should help but it is best to have a balanced diet overall and not just at this time. If you eat healthily it will be obvious by your skin. Ensure you provide your body with the nutrients it needs like vitamins, minerals and supplements.
Consuming foods that you are allergic to can contribute to acne before menstrual period. Many women do not know about all of their allergies and can thus inadvertently eat foods that lead to acne, such as shellfish, nuts, soy products, and wheat or gluten. If you eat such foods and find yourself with acne before menstrual period, you need to carefully examine your diet to determine if it is the source of your skin problems.
Never underestimate the power of water, keeping your skin hydrated can yield great results.
Another factor that can have great results on acne is improving your skin care regime. Cleaning your face too much or scrubbing too hard can result in skin irritation or stimulate overproduction of oil and pores to clog. Products that contain alcohol should be avoided, stick to those with gentle exfoliation and those that contain natural treatments such as tea tree oil. There are many over the counter products, it's a matter of finding what works best for you.
Cosmetic products can also play havoc with your skin. The best cosmetics to buy are those that are non-comedogenic, in other words oil free. These will prevent pores becoming clogged. Cosmetics and perfumes labelled hypo-allergenic will ensure you don't get skin irritations or allergic reactions.
So if you experience acne during menstruation, don't panic, instead use your efforts take measures on preventing it.
The steps above provide a starting point for curing acne, for more free advice and some tips that may seem strange, especially the treatment for back acne, visit acne free now
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